Indonesia Country

Gamelan

Gamelan is a musical ensemble that usually highlight metallophone, xylophone, drums, and gongs. The term gamelan refers to the instrument / tool, which is a unified whole that is realized and pounded together. The word gamelan comes from the Javanese language, which means gamel hitting / beating, followed by a suffix that makes the noun. Gamelan orchestra are mostly in Java, Madura, Bali, and Lombok in Indonesia in a variety of sizes and shapes of ensembles. In Bali and Lombok today, and in Java through the 18th century, the term gong is more considered synonymous with gamelan.

Emergence of gamelan preceded by Hindu-Buddhist culture that dominated Indonesia in the early days of recording history, which also represents the original art of Indonesia. Instrument was developed to shape up like this in the time of Majapahit Kingdom. In difference to the music of India, the only impact of the Indian music of the gamelan is how menyanikannya. In Javanese mythology, the gamelan dicipatakan by Sang Hyang Guru in Saka era, the god who ruled the land of Java, with palaces on the mountain Mahendra in Medangkamulan (now Mount Lawu). Sang Hyang Guru first create a gong to summon the gods. For a more specific message and then create two gongs, and finally formed set of gamelan. [Citation needed]

The description of the first ensemble of musical instruments found in the temple of Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java, which has stood since the 8th century. Musical instruments such as bamboo flute, bells, kendhang in various sizes, lute, musical instruments and berdawai who swiped learned, is found in these reliefs. However, some elements in the metal instrument. However, relief of the instrument said to be the origin of the gamelan.

making gamelan orchestra is a complex process. Gamelan uses four ways of nalaan, namely slendro, pelog, “Degung” (special Sunda region, or West Java), and “madenda” (also known as the diatonic, the same as the original minor scale widely used in Europe.

Javanese gamelan instruments consist of the following

Kendang
Bonang
Bonang Successor
Demung
Saron
Peking (Gamelan)
Kenong & kethuk
Slenthem
Gender
Gong
Gambang
Rebab
Siter
Flute

Kendang is an instrument in the Central Javanese gamelan is one of the main functions set the rhythm. This instrument was sounded by hand, without tools bantu.Jenis small drum called ketipung, the medium is called percussion ciblon / kebar. Ketipung couples have one named drum gedhe kalih commonly called drums. Kalih Kendang played on a song or piece of fine character as Ketawang, kalih kethuk piece, and the rhythm Ladrang dadi. Can also be played quickly on the opening track of launch, Ladrang rhythm responsibility. For there is one more wayangan typical kendhang the kendhang doormat.

Kendang mostly played by professional gamelan players, who have long dive into Javanese culture. Kendang played mostly on instinct as pengendang, so when played by one person then the premises of others will be different nuances.

Demung is one of the gamelan instruments including balungan family.

In one set of gamelan there are usually 2 demung, both have versions pelog and slendro. Demung produce tones with the lowest octave balungan family, with a physical size larger. Demung has a relatively wilahan thinner but wider than wilahan saron, so that the resulting tone lower. Hit demung usually made of wood, with a shape like a hammer, bigger and heavier than saron percussion.

The way he plays there is usually appropriate tone, a tone returns, or beat and demung1 turns demung2 between, producing varying tones interwoven but followed a certain pattern. Slow and fast hard weak depending on the drummer’s command of the drums and his kinds of pieces. In describing the condition gendhingGangsaran war for example, demung struck hard and fast. In a nuanced piece of military Gati, demung beating slow but hard. When accompanying the song struck softly. When the returns are in condition, so beating fast and hard.

In demung play, hitting the right hand wilahan / sheet metal with percussion, then the left hand punch that struck the previous wilahan to eliminate the hum from the beating that left the previous tone. This technique is called memathet (basic words: pathet = squeeze)

Saron (also known as ricik) is one of the gamelan instruments including balungan family.

In one set of gamelan usually have 4 saron, and all have versions pelog and slendro. Saron produce a tone an octave higher than demung, with a physical size smaller. Hit the saron usually made of wood, with a shape like a hammer.

The way he plays there is usually appropriate tone, a tone that yields, or alternately beat between saron saron 1 and 2. Slow and fast hard weak depending on the drummer’s command of the drums and his kinds of pieces. In Gangsaran piece describing the condition of war for example, ricik struck hard and fast. In a nuanced gendhingGati military, slowly but ricik struck hard. When accompanying the song struck softly.

In saron play, hitting the right hand wilahan / sheet metal with percussion, then the left hand punch that struck the previous wilahan to eliminate the hum from the beating that left the previous tone. This technique is called memathet (basic words: pathet = squeeze)

Slenthem is one of the gamelan instruments consisting of thin sheet metal width of strung with rope and stretched across the tubes and produces a low hum or tone echoes that follow saron, ricik and balungan when struck. Some have called it as a gender penembung. As with other instruments in a set of gamelan, slenthem must have an earlier version and version pelog slendro. Wilahan Slenthem Pelog generally have a range of tones C and B, while slenthem slendro over a range of tones C, D, E, G, A, C ‘.

How to beat the same as beating slenthem balungan, ricik, or saron. Swinging the bat right hand and left hand to “patet”, which is holding the vibration happens in the sheet metal. In beating the more necessary slenthem instinct or feeling the drummers to produce an echo or form a good buzz. In the notation C, D, E, G for example, echoes that are generated when beating the tone C to disappear just as the tone of D struck, and so on.

To date the drummer, who used the same way as when using balungan, ricik, and saron. But for certain circumstances such as demung offs, then slenthem played to fill the void between balungan tone that struck late to beat the double balungan beats. Or it could be in condition to beat slenthem there balungan half times as fast balungan was struck, for example when the scene gendhing Gangsaran war.

Gender is a word in Indonesian homograf who have the following meanings.

Gender (pronounced “gender”, g?nd?r), musical instruments that are part of the gamelan orchestra.
Gender (pronounced “gender”, g?nd?r), aspects of social relationships associated with sexual differentiation in humans.

Gong is a musical instrument at the famous East Asia. Gong is used for traditional musical instruments. We have not much longer like this gong artisans.

Gong who have been beaten yet determined tone. New gong tones formed after rinsed and cleaned. If the tone is not appropriate, so that the scraped gongs bronze layer becomes thinner. In South Korea also called Kkwaenggwari. But kkwaenggwari made of brass-colored metal is played in a way supported by the five fingers and played by beating a short club. How to hold up five fingers kkwaenggwari use this proved to have a special purpose, because one finger (index finger) can be used to dampen vibrations and reduce the volume of gong chiming sound produced.

List gong

Great
Babendil
Bonang
Coil Gong
Gandingan
Gong ageng
Kempul
Kempyang and tap
Kenong
Khong mon
Kulintang
Chau gong
Nipple gongs (gong boa)
Feng gong
Tam tam
Paiste symphonic
Flat gong
Rin gong
Bait

REBAB/ Fiddle (Arabic: ?????? or ????) is a stringed instrument that is usually used 2 or 3 strings, this instrument found in many Islamic countries.

Musical instruments that use the bow and have three or two pieces of string from the strings of metal (copper) is his use jackfruit wood and hollow on the inside covered with dried cow skin as a speaker.]
In gamelan
In Sundanese music, this tool is also used as an accompaniment of gamelan, as a complement to accompany sinden sing with the harp and flute. In Javanese gamelan, rebab function not only as a supplement to accompany the singing sindhen but rather serves to guide the direction of the song sindhen

Siter and Cilempungan a stringed musical instrument in the gamelan of Java. It has to do also with the harp in Sundanese gamelan.

Siter and plop each had 11 and 13 pairs of strings, spanned both sides of the resonator box. Typical set of strings and string tone pelog other slendro tone. Generally sitar has a length of approximately 30 cm and placed in a box when he played, while the long zither roughly 90 inches and has four legs, and set an octave below the siter. Siter and zither played as one of the musical instruments played together (panerusan), an instrument that plays a crooked (melodic patterns based on balungan). Both siter or zither played with the same speed with the xylophone (fast tempo).

The name “siter” comes from the Dutch language “citer”, which is also related to English “zither”. “Plop” associated with celempungan Sundanese musical forms.

Siter strings played with the thumb, while the other fingers are used to hold the vibration when the other strings are picked, this is usually a characteristic of gamelan instruments. Fingers of both hands are used to hold, with the right hand fingers under the strings while the left finger was on the strings.

Siter and zither with various sizes are typical gamelan instruments Siteran, although also used in many other types of gamelan.

The flute is a musical instrument from the family of wood wind instruments. Characterized by a soft voice and the flute can be combined with other instruments well.

Modern flute for experts generally made of silver, gold or a mixture of both. While the flute for students generally made of nickel-silver, or silver coated metal.

Standard concert flute tuned in C and it has 3 octaves tone range starts from middle C. However, in some flute to the experts there are additional key to achieving the tone B below middle C. This means that the flute is one of the orchestra instruments are high, only the higher piccolo more than a flute. Piccolo is a small flute that’s tuned an octave higher than the standard concert flute. Piccolo is also commonly used in the orchestra.

The modern concert flute has many choices. Thumb B-flat key (invented and pioneered by Briccialdi) standard. B foot joint, however, is an extra option for middle to upper models and professional.

Open-holed flute, also called French Flute (where some keys have a hole in the middle so the player must close it with a finger) on the general concert-level players. But some flute players (especially the students, and even some of the experts) chose plateau closed-hole keys. Students generally use temporary cover to cover the hole until they had mastered the finger placement is appropriate.

Some people believe that the open-hole keys are able to produce louder and more clearly in low tones.

Concert flute called Boehm flute, or flute alone.